At excessively short or long exposures, photographic film behaves differently than usual, introducing a reciprocity failure.
To counter the effects of reciprocity failure, certain compensations can be made.
As reciprocity failure will not equally affect all layers of a photographic emulsion to the same degree,
noticeable color shifts may be introduced by long exposures on film.
While these color shifts can be corrected in a scan, filtration will yield better results.
If using filtration, please take filter factors into consideration while determining the
appropriate exposure time.
For critical work, make tests under your conditions to determine appropriate exposure and color filtration.
The values given below are to be understood as starting points and provide no guarantee
for a well exposed and correctly color balanced image.Â
SILBERSALZ35 050D
EXPOSURE | CORRECTION | FILTRATION |
1 -10 s | – | – |
30 s | 40 s | – |
60 s | 90 s | CC10R |
90 s | 140 s | CC10R |
120 s | 190 s | CC20R |
180 s | 300 s | CC20R |
300 s | 530 s | CC30R |
500 s + | 950 s | CC50R |
SILBERSALZ35 200T
EXPOSURE | CORRECTION | FILTRATION |
1 -10 s | – | – |
30 s | 35 s | – |
60 s | 70 s | CC10M |
90 s | 100 s | CC10M |
120 s | 140 s | CC20M |
180 s | 210 s | CC20M |
300 s | 360 s | CC30M |
500 s + | 600 s | CC30M |
SILBERSALZ35 250D
EXPOSURE | CORRECTION | FILTRATION |
1 -10 s | – | – |
30 s | 40 s | – |
60 s | 80 s | CC10R |
90 s | 130 s | CC10R |
120 s | 180 s | CC20R |
180 s | 300 s | CC20R |
300 s | 500 s | CC30R |
500 s + | 1000 s+ | CC50R |
SILBERSALZ35 500T
EXPOSURE | CORRECTION | FILTRATION |
1 -10 s | + 1/3 stop | – |
30 s | 60 s | – |
60 s | 100 s | CC10M |
90 s | 150 s | CC10M |
120 s | 300 s | CC20M |
180 s | 500 s | CC20M |
300 s | 950 s | CC30M |
500 s +(*) | 1300 s+ | CC50M |
* not recommended.
For further technical information please find Kodak’s Cinematographer’s Field Guide here.
Photography under fluorescent lights
To avoid the brightness and color variations that occur during a single alternating-current cycle,
use shutter speeds of 1/60 second or longer with fluorescent lamps.